Carreira policial: estudo comparativo entre a estrutura da polícia federal brasileira e norte-americana

NOTAS:

1. CABRAL, Bruno Fontenele. Direito comparado: os órgãos de segurança pública e a persecução criminal no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos. Jus Navigandi, Teresina, ano 14, n. 2150, 21 maio 2009. Disponível em: <http://jus.com.br/revista/texto/12905>. Acesso em: 26 fev. 2011.
2. ESTADOS UNIDOS. FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation). Special Agents. "FBI Special Agents are responsible for conducting sensitive national security investigations and for enforcing over 300 federal statutes. As an FBI Special Agent you may work on matters including terrorism, foreign counterintelligence, cyber crime, organized crime, white-collar crime, public corruption, civil rights violations, financial crime, bribery, bank robbery, extortion, kidnapping, air piracy, interstate criminal activity, fugitive and drug-trafficking matters, and other violations of federal statutes". Disponível em: <http://www.fbijobs.gov/11.asp>. Acesso em: 11 fev. 2011.
3. ESTADOS UNIDOS. FBI. (Federal Bureau of Investigation) Investigative Specialist. "Investigative Specialists perform investigative support functions through physical surveillance operations. They support Foreign Counterintelligence and/or Counterterrorism investigations, and gather intelligence information of investigative interest. Investigative Specialists are responsible for all aspects of surveillance operations from planning through execution. Their responsibilities also include the collection, analysis and dissemination of intelligence data gathered during surveillance operations". Disponível em: <http://www.fbijobs.gov/127.asp>. Acesso em: 14 fev. 2011.
4. ESTADOS UNIDOS. FBI. (Federal Bureau of Investigation)FBI Police. "FBI Police Officers provide protective security for FBI personnel and facilities and also perform law enforcement duties at and around FBI facilities. The primary mission of FBI Police Officers is to deter or respond to a terrorist attack, or other criminal acts, at and around FBI facilities. FBI Police Officers perform duties such as identification checks, roving patrols, and unscheduled perimeter and internal patrols. Officers also monitor electronic intrusion and communications systems. FBI Police Officers are stationed in Washington, D.C. (FBI Headquarters and the Washington Field Office); Quantico, VA (FBI Academy, FBI Laboratory); New York City (New York Field Office); and Clarksburg, WV (FBI Criminal Justice Information Services Division)". Disponível em: <http://www.fbijobs.gov/126.asp>. Acesso em: 12 fev. 2011.
5. ESTADOS UNIDOS. FBI. (Federal Bureau of Investigation) Surveillance Specialists. "Surveillance Specialists conduct fixed surveillance duties that support Foreign Counterintelligence and/or Counterterrorism investigations, and gather intelligence information of investigative interest. Surveillance Specialists utilize various communications, photographic, and technical equipment during surveillance operations. Applicants for the Surveillance Specialist position must possess a valid driver's license for their state of residence and be able to obtain a government license for the operation of government vehicles. Surveillance Specialists are assigned to one of the FBI's 56 Field Offices based on current staffing and/or critical specialty needs. All Surveillance Specialists are subject to transfer at any time to meet the organizational and program needs of the FBI. Surveillance Specialists accept the possibility of transfer as a condition of their employment". Disponível em: <http://www.fbijobs.gov/127.asp>. Acesso em: 15 fev. 2011.
6. ESTADOS UNIDOS. FBI. (Federal Bureau of Investigation)Business Management. "Although most people don't think of it as such, in many respects the FBI is a business. We have over 30,000 employees, a budget in excess of $6 billion, and more than 700 locations worldwide. Managing this organization requires business management professionals who specialize in everything from human resources to finance to facilities management to law. Because of some of the unique aspects of our "business," we also employ many business management professionals in fields such as security and records management. At the FBI, business management professionals have the opportunity to utilize their skills to help protect the country. Our business management professionals provide the resources, infrastructure, and services we need to be able to succeed in our mission". Disponível em: <http://www.fbijobs.gov/125.asp>. Acesso em: 21 fev. 2011.
7. ESTADOS UNIDOS. FBI. (Federal Bureau of Investigation) Linguistics. "FBI Linguists play a vital role in the translation, transcription, reporting, and analysis of materials with national security ramifications. Terrorism, foreign counterintelligence, organized crime, air piracy, interstate criminal activity, public corruption, financial crime, bribery, civil rights violations, kidnapping, drug trafficking...investigating these crimes and others may all be part of your challenging career as a Linguist with the FBI. Combining your proficiency in a critical foreign language with the exciting science of investigative work, you will apply your unique skills and talents to protect the security and welfare of your country". Disponível em: <http://www.fbijobs.gov/124.asp>. Acesso em: 12 fev. 2011.
8. ESTADOS UNIDOS. FBI. (Federal Bureau of Investigation) Applied Science, Engineering & Technology. "The FBI's Applied Science, Engineering & Technology (ASE&T) professionals are at the cutting-edge of advances in forensic science, communications technology, electronic surveillance, biometrics, and other related fields. Our ASE&T Professionals utilize their scientific and technical knowledge and their expertise to solve problems faced by the FBI and other members of the law enforcement and intelligence communities. Typical challenges range from how to identify a potential terrorist based on a partial fingerprint or a single strand of hair, to how to listen in to the conversations of a suspected criminal, to how to perform lawfully authorized searches". Disponível em: <http://www.fbijobs.gov/123.asp>. Acesso em: 12 fev. 2011.
9. ESTADOS UNIDOS. FBI. (Federal Bureau of Investigation)Information Technology. "The FBI's information technology (IT) professionals build, operate, and maintain the FBI's IT enterprise. This includes developing the FBI's IT strategic plan and operating budget; developing and maintaining the FBI's technology assets; and providing technical direction for the reengineering of FBI business processes. IT professionals also work in support of FBI investigations and provide state-of-the-art identification and information services to our local, state, federal, and international criminal justice partners". Disponível em: <http://www.fbijobs.gov/122.asp>. Acesso em: 23 fev. 2011.
10. ESTADOS UNIDOS. FBI. (Federal Bureau of Investigation) Intelligence Analysis. "FBI Intelligence Analysts are on the frontline of protecting America's national security. They piece together disparate bits of information to form integrated views on issues of national security and public safety" Disponível em: <http://www.fbijobs.gov/121.asp>. Acesso em: 12 fev. 2011.
11. ESTADOS UNIDOS. FBI. (Federal Bureau of Investigation) Other Career Opportunities. "The FBI employs professionals from a wide variety of fields in support of the FBI's mission. We have a need for great people with skills in everything from public relations to graphic arts, automotive maintenance to nursing, and logistics to firearms training. In every field we look for outstanding, high-caliber individuals who seek a challenging work environment and an opportunity to help protect their country". Disponível em: <http://www.fbijobs.gov/128.asp>. Acesso em: 16 fev. 2011.
12. CABRAL, Bruno Fontenele. Direito comparado: os órgãos de segurança pública e a persecução criminal no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos. Jus Navigandi, Teresina, ano 14, n. 2150, 21 maio 2009. Disponível em: <http://jus.com.br/revista/texto/12905>. Acesso em: 26 fev. 2011.
13. ESTADOS UNIDOS. US MARSHALS. Deputy US Marshals. Duties: "Protecting federal judicial officials — judges, attorneys and jurors is a core mission for the U.S. Marshals. Deputy Marshals employ the latest security techniques and devices during highly sensitive trials throughout the nation. Experienced former law enforcement officers, having served in various capacities and specialties throughout their careers, comprise the agency’s Court Security Officer (CSO) program. These contracted CSOs receive limited deputations as special Deputy Marshals and play a vital role in courthouse security. Using security-screening systems, CSOs detect and intercept weapons and other prohibited items that individuals attempt to bring into federal courthouses. Senior Inspectors, Deputy Marshals and CSOs provide security at facilities that house court operations. The agency also oversees each aspect of courthouse construction projects, from design through completion, to ensure the safety of federal judges, court personnel and the public. In 1995, the U.S. Marshals and the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement merged air fleets to create the Justice Prisoner and Alien Transportation System — JPATS. The merger created an efficient and effective system for transporting prisoners and criminal aliens. Managed by the U.S. Marshals, JPATS is one of the largest transporters of prisoners in the world, handling more than 1,400 requests every day to move prisoners between judicial districts, correctional institutions and foreign countries. JPATS completes more than 350,000 prisoner and alien movements annually via coordinated air and ground systems. The U.S. Marshals is the federal government’s primary agency for conducting fugitive investigations. The Marshals apprehend more federal fugitives than all other law enforcement agencies combined. In fiscal year 2008, the U.S. Marshals arrested more than 36,600 federal fugitive felons, clearing 39,700 federal felony warrants – more than all other law enforcement agencies combined. Working with authorities at the federal, state, and local levels, U.S. Marshals-led fugitive task forces arrested more than 73,000 state and local fugitives, clearing 90,600 state and local felony warrants. The Marshals currently leads 91 district fugitive task forces and six regional fugitive task forces dedicated to locating and apprehending wanted criminals. The USMS has developed close working relationships with other law enforcement agencies on fugitive matters, and provides assistance, expertise and training to agencies on the federal, state, local and international levels. The USMS is the premier agency to apprehend foreign fugitives believed to be in the United States, and it is the agency responsible for locating and extraditing American fugitives, who flee to foreign countries. In fiscal year 2008, the U.S. Marshals Service coordinated 857 extraditions/deportations involving 60 countries. In support of its international fugitive investigative mission, the USMS has established foreign field offices in Jamaica, Mexico and the Dominican Republic. The USMS also maintains successful law enforcement liaison programs along the borders of Mexico and Canada. Also, the USMS enjoys a mutually beneficial relationship with the Department of State’s Diplomatic Security Service and holds key positions at Interpol. The Marshals Service houses over 58,000 detainees in federal, state, local and private jails throughout the nation. In order to house these pre-sentenced prisoners, the Marshals Service contracts with approximately 1,800 state and local governments to rent jail space. Seventy-five percent of the prisoners in Marshals Service custody are detained in state, local and private facilities; the remainder are housed in Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) facilities. Each year the USMS carries out hundreds of special missions related to its broad law enforcement authority and judicial security responsibilities. It also responds to homeland security crises and national emergencies. The USMS Special Operations Group is a specially trained, tactical unit comprised of Deputy Marshals, who can respond immediately to incidents anywhere in the United States or its territories. The USMS is responsible for managing and disposing of seized and forfeited properties acquired by criminals through illegal activities. Under the auspices of the DOJ’s Asset Forfeiture Program, the Marshals manage nearly $1.7 billion worth of property, and promptly disposes of assets forfeited by all Department of Justice agencies. The Program’s goal is to maximize the net return from forfeited property and then reinvest the proceeds for law enforcement purposes. The U.S. Marshals ensures the safety of witnesses, who risk their lives testifying for the government in cases involving organized crime and other significant criminal activities. Since 1971, the Marshals have protected, relocated and given new identities to more than 8,200 witnesses and more than 9,800 of their family members. The successful operation of the Witness Security Program has been recognized as providing a unique and valuable tool in the government’s battle against major criminal enterprises and international terrorism. Witness Security Program personnel are the world’s leading authorities and foremost experts on witness security matters, providing guidance and training to numerous government officials throughout the world". Disponível em: <http://www.usmarshals.gov/careers/duties.html>. Acesso em: 12 fev. 2011.
14. ESTADOS UNIDOS. US MARSHALS. Administrative Officer. Disponível em: <http://www.usmarshals.gov/careers/admin_positions.html>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
15. ESTADOS UNIDOS. US MARSHALS. Human Resource (HR) Specialist/Assistant. Disponível em: <http://www.usmarshals.gov/careers/admin_positions.html>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
16. ESTADOS UNIDOS. US MARSHALS. Management and Program Analyst. Disponível em: <http://www.usmarshals.gov/careers/admin_positions.html> Acesso em: 02 mar 2011.
17. ESTADOS UNIDOS. US MARSHALS. Budget Analyst. Disponível em: <http://www.usmarshals.gov/careers/admin_positions.html>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
18. ESTADOS UNIDOS. US MARSHALS. Investigative Research Specialist. Disponível em: <http://www.usmarshals.gov/careers/admin_positions.html>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
19. ESTADOS UNIDOS. US MARSHALS. Administrative Support Assistant. Disponível em: <http://www.usmarshals.gov/careers/admin_positions.html>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
20. ESTADOS UNIDOS. US MARSHALS. Accountant. Disponível em: <http://www.usmarshals.gov/careers/admin_positions.html>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
21. ESTADOS UNIDOS. US MARSHALS. Detention Enforcement Officer. Disponível em: <http://www.usmarshals.gov/careers/deo.html>. Acesso em: 12 fev. 2011.
22. ESTADOS UNIDOS. US MARSHALS. Aviation Enforcement Officers (AEO) Disponível em: <http://www.usmarshals.gov/careers/admin_positions.html>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
23. ESTADOS UNIDOS. DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration). Special Agents. Disponível em: <http://www.justice.gov/dea/job/agent/apply.html>. Acesso em: 03 mar. 2011.
24. ESTADOS UNIDOS. DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration). Diversion Investigator: Disponível em: <http://www.justice.gov/dea/resources/careers/opportunity/diversion-investigator.html>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
25. ESTADOS UNIDOS. DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration). Chemist & Fingerprinting. Disponível em: <http://www.justice.gov/dea/resources/careers/opportunity/forensic-science.html>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
26. ESTADOS UNIDOS. DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration). Intelligent Research Specialist. Disponível em: <http://www.justice.gov/dea/resources/careers/opportunity/intel-research-spec.html>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
27. ESTADOS UNIDOS. DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration). Professional and Administrative Career Opportunities. Disponível em: <http://www.justice.gov/dea/resources/careers/opportunity/professional-and-admin.html>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
28. CABRAL, Bruno Fontenele. Direito comparado: os órgãos de segurança pública e a persecução criminal no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos. Jus Navigandi, Teresina, ano 14, n. 2150, 21 maio 2009. Disponível em: <http://jus.com.br/revista/texto/12905>. Acesso em: 26 fev. 2011.
29. ESTADOS UNIDOS. CIA (Central Intelligence Agency). Disponível em: <https://www.cia.gov/careers/opportunities/cia-jobs/index.html> . Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
30. BRASIL. Lei nº 9.266/1996. Disponível em: <http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/Leis/L9266.htm>. Acesso em: 27 fev. 2011.
31. BRASIL. Ministério do Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão. Portaria nº 523, de 28 DE JULHO DE 1989. Disponível em: <http://www.sinpefse.org.br/index.jsp?arquivo=webcontrol/canal.jsp&cod=100095>. Acesso em: 02 mar. 2011.
32. CABRAL, Bruno Fontenele. Direito comparado: os órgãos de segurança pública e a persecução criminal no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos. Jus Navigandi, Teresina, ano 14, n. 2150, 21 maio 2009. Disponível em: <http://jus.com.br/revista/texto/12905>. Acesso em: 26 fev. 2011.
33. BRASIL. Supremo Tribunal Federal. ADI 3030, Relator(a):  Min. CARLOS VELLOSO, Tribunal Pleno, julgado em 24/02/2005, DJ 18-03-2005 PP-00047 EMENT VOL-02184-1 PP-00099 RTJ VOL-00194-02 PP-00547. EMENTA: CONSTITUCIONAL. ADMINISTRATIVO. SERVIDOR PÚBLICO. ASCENSÃO FUNCIONAL: INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE. C.F., art. 37, II. Constituição do Estado do Amapá, art. 48. I. - A jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal não admite a ascensão funcional, espécie de provimento derivado vertical. C.F., art. 37, II. II. - Inconstitucionalidade de dispositivo da Constituição do Amapá que admite a ascensão funcional, art. 48. III. - ADI julgada procedente. AI 794852 AgR, Relator(a):  Min. CÁRMEN LÚCIA, Primeira Turma, julgado em 15/02/2011, DJe-050 DIVULG 16-03-2011 PUBLIC 17-03-2011 EMENT VOL-02483-02 PP-00384. EMENTA: AGRAVO REGIMENTAL NO AGRAVO DE INSTRUMENTO. ADMINISTRATIVO. ASCENSÃO FUNCIONAL. 1. PROVIMENTO DE CARGO PÚBLICO POR CONCURSO INTERNO: IMPOSSIBILIDADE APÓS A PROMULGAÇÃO DA CONSTITUIÇÃO DE 1988. 2. INAPLICABILIDADE DA TEORIA DO FATO CONSUMADO. PRECEDENTES. AGRAVO REGIMENTAL AO QUAL SE NEGA PROVIMENTO. Disponível em: <http://www.stf.jus.br/portal/jurisprudencia/listarJurisprudencia.asp?s1=ascens%E3o+funcional&base=baseAcordaos>. Acesso em: 21 mar. 2011.