5 – Conclusões
Não restam maiores dúvidas de que o princípio da busca da felicidade encontra-se, hoje, devidamente positivado dentro do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, através da interpretação evolutiva de nosso direito constitucional, e está intimamente ligado aos recentes fenômenos de direito civil ligados à formação familiar. Não pode o Estado criar barreiras injustificáveis para impedir que cada pessoa possa, por si só, ir atrás do que entende que lhe trará felicidade. Não que o Estado tenha que entregar o produto final “felicidade” a cada pessoa; muito pelo contrário, a obrigação principal do Estado é um “não fazer”: não criar óbices para que cada um possa ir atrás do que poderá lhe fazer feliz.
Assim, tanto nos EUA quanto no Brasil, os óbices criados pelo Poder Público (quer seja através de simples proibição como de criminalização de casamentos inter-raciais ou homoafetivos) corresponderam a barreiras históricas que violaram o devido processo de direito e o princípio constitucional, também brasileiro, da busca da felicidade.
6 – Referências bibliográficas
ARISTÓTELES. Ética a Nicômaco; Poética/Aristóteles; seleção de textos de José Américo Motta Pessanha. 4ª Edição : São Paulo, Nova Cultura, 1991.
BARROSO, Luís Roberto. Interpretação constitucional como interpretação específica, in CANOTILHO, J.J. Gomes; MENDES, Gilmar Ferreira; SARLET, Ingo Wolfgang; STRECK, Lênio Luiz: Comentários à Constituição do Brasil. 1a Edição. São Paulo : Saraiva, 2013.
GADAMER, Hans-Georg. Verdade e método. Traços fundamentais de uma hermenêutica filosófica. Petrópolis : Vozes, 2012.
GOLD, Susan Dudley. Supreme court milestones. Loving v. Virginia. Lifting the ban against interracial marriage. New York : Marshall Cavendish, 2008.
JAYNE, Allen. Jefferson´s declaration of Independence: origins, philosopy and theology. Kentucky, The University Press of Kentucky, 1998.
LAW, Chirs. Compreender Gadamer. Petrópolis : Vozes, 2007.
MILLER, Roger LeRoy. Business law today. The Essentials. Text & summarized cases. 11th edition. Arlington : Cencage Learning, 2015.
NODARI, Paulo César. A emergência do individualismo moderno do pensamento de Jonh Locke. Coleção Filosofia nº 95. Porto Alegre : EDIPUCRS, 1999.
PASCOE, Peggy. In Black-white intermarriage in American history, literature and law. Miscegenation law, court cases, and ideologies of race in twentieth-century America, p. 182-183. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2000.
PASCOE, Peggy. Miscegenation law, court cases, and ideologies of “race” in Twentieth-Century America. In The Journal of American History, june 1996.
RAND, Ayn. The Ayn Rand Lexicon: objectvism from A to Z. Penguin Books, New York, 1988.
SARLET, Ingo Wolfgang. Dignidade humana. In TORRES, Ricardo Lobo; KATAOKA, Eduardo Takemi; GALDINO, Flávio: Dicionário de princípios constitucionais. Rio de Janeiro : Elsevier, 2011.
SOLLORS, Werner. Black-white intermarriage in American History, literature, and law. Oxford University Press: 2000.
SCHARTZ, Stephan. George Mason: forgotten fouder, he conceived the bill of rights. Siithsonian Magazine, april 30, 2010. http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/george-mason-forgotten-founder-he-conceived-the-bill-of-rights-64408583/?no-ist.
Notas
[1] No original em inglês: "That all men are by nature equally free and independent, and have certain inherent rights...namely, the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring and possessing property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety."http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/george-mason-forgotten-founder-he-conceived-the-bill-of-rights-64408583/#rFLUoZpRzaYHqrMQ.99
[2] No original: Although is probably less familiar to historians than, say, school segregation law, miscegenation law is an ideal place to study both the legacy of nineteenth-century racialism and the emergence of modern racial ideologies. Miscenegation laws, in force from the 1660´s through the 1960, were among the longest lasting of American racial restrictions. They both reflected and produced siginifcant shifts in the American racial thinking.
[3] No original em inglês: 'if any white person and any negro, or the descendant of any negro to the third generation, inclusive, though one ancestor of each generation was a white person, intermarry or live in adultery or fornication with each other, each of them must, on conviction, be imprisoned in the penitentiary or sentenced to hard labor for the county for not less than two nor more than seven years.'
[4] No original: Leaving State to evade law. -- If any white person and colored person shall go out of this State, for the purpose of being married, and with the intention of returning, and be married out of it, and afterwards return to and reside in it, cohabiting as man and wife, they shall be punished as provided in § 20-59, and the marriage shall be governed by the same law as if it had been solemnized in this State. The fact of their cohabitation here as man and wife shall be evidence of their marriage."
[5] No original: Punishment for marriage. - If any white person intermarry with a colored person, or any colored person intermarry with a white person, he shall be guilty of a felony and shall be punished by confinement in the penitentiary for not less than one nor more than five years.
[6] No original: “Almighty God created the races white, black, yellow, malay and red, and he placed them on separate continents. And, but for the interference with his arrangement, there would be no cause for such marriage. The fact that he separated the races shows that he did not intend for the races to mix."
[7] No original: “The Right to the Pursuit of Happiness means man’s right to live for himself, to choose what constitutes his own private, personal, individual happiness and to work for its achievement, so long as he respects the same right in others. It means that Man cannot be forced to devote his life to the happiness of another man nor of any number of other men. It means that the collective cannot decide what is to be the purpose of a man’s existence nor prescribe his choice of happiness”.
